Ovarian Cysts

Since I observed two surgeries today involving ovaries, one being ovarian cysts, I decided to share a little here.

Background:
Each month, your ovaries grow follicles holding the egg, which are "cyst-like" structures. When the brain releases luteinizing hormone (LH), it stimulates the follicles to release the egg, which travels down the fallopian tubes to meet and be fertilized by that one special sperm.

Ovaries:
Ovaries are about the size of an almond and cysts can be found in or on them. The cysts are typically fluid-filled and can resolve on their own. Ovarian cyst are not unusual and most women have had them at some point with no signs or symptoms and, their bodies eventually take care of it.

LH Not Released:
Now, if this LH isn't released and the follicle isn't stimulated to release the egg, it will keep growing until it's eventually a cyst. Your body is capable of taking care of this within a few months without any noticeable signs or symptoms. This is called a follicular cyst.

LH Released:
Now, when the LH is released and the follicle releases the egg, it also releases estrogen and progesterone to aid in conception. As the egg "escapes" the follicle, the opening may become sealed, leaving no exit for fluid leading to an increasing size of the corpus luteum (that's what the follicle is called after it releases the egg) causing a cyst. Your body can also take care of this cyst. However, it can grow quite large leading to other problems (cutting off circulation to the ovaries, rupturing, etc.)

What to watch for. Signs & Symptoms:
Like most abdominal issues, it's very difficult to pinpoint an exact disease based just on signs and symptoms for ovarian cysts.

Sudden changes in menstruation

Pain to pelvic region before/during menstruation and during intercourse.

Pain during bowel movements or pressure on your bowels

Nausea, vomiting or breast tenderness similar to that experienced during pregnancy

Fullness or heaviness in your abdomen

Pressure on your rectum or bladder — difficulty emptying your bladder completely

Seek immediate medical attention if you have:

• Sudden, severe abdominal or pelvic pain
• Pain accompanied by fever or vomiting

This is a brief overview of MayoClinic's report on Ovarian Cysts. More information can be found from MayoClinic or Medline Plus.